l . a .  p a u l  &  a s s o c i a t e s

the steps involved in    design and construction  

 

What to Expect

Design and construction projects involve several steps.  Typically, projects go through the following six phases.  However, on some projects, several of these steps may be combined or there may be additional ones.

Step 1:  Programming or Deciding What to Build

The owner and architect discuss the requirements for the project (what work needs to be done, how many rooms, the function of the spaces, etc.), testing the fit between the owner's needs, wants and budget.

Step 2:  Schematic Design or Rough Sketches

The architect prepares a series of rough sketches, known as schematic design, which show the scope of work required and the general arrangement of spaces or rooms and of the site.  Some architects also prepare models to help visualize the project.  The owner approves these sketches before proceeding to the next phase.

Step 3:  Design Development or Refining the Design

The architect prepares more detailed drawings to illustrate other aspects of the proposed design and construction work.  Floor plans show all the rooms in correct size and shape.  Outline specifications are prepared listing major building materials and finishes.

Step 4:  Preparation of Construction Documents

Once the owner has approved the design, the architect prepares detailed working drawings and material specifications, which the contractor will use to establish actual construction costs, schedule the work and build the project.  These construction documents are used for permit approval and become part of the construction contract.  

Step 5:  Bidding and Hiring the Contractor

The owner selects and hires the contractor although the architect may make some recommendations.  In many cases, owners choose from several contractors they've asked to submit bids on the job.  The architect can help the owner prepare invitations to bid, instructions to bidders and construction contracts.

Step 6:  Construction Administration

While the contractor will physically build the project, the architect can assist the owner in making sure that the project is built according to the plans and specifications.  The architect can make site visits to observe construction, advise and review any changes, review and approve the contractor's applications for payment, and generally keep the owner informed of the project's progress and quality of the workmanship.  The contractor is solely responsible for construction methods, techniques, schedules and procedures.